A brief Biography of the Prophet Muhammad SW
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By Iftekhar Ahmad Qasmi Bastsvi
As a matter of fact, Hazrat Muhammad (saw) enjoys to
be the final prophet and ultimate pioneer of the humanity, as a whole. He has
qualities of being extremely good and has strong characters. His name is but Muhammad.
It means appreciated and admired one. He himself is great appellant head of
worlds, chief of the apostles and final messenger. The prophet Muhammad took
birth on 9th or 12thRabiulAwwal. 20th April 570
CE, in one elephant year, on Monday, at the daybreak, from the womb of Aamina,
the frau of late Abdullah, the son of Abdul-Muttalib, the chief of Makkah.
The prophet Muhammad was a sun of prophet-hood that glittered
the world as a whole. This precious orphan’s father, Abdullah, got demise two
months ago. HazratAbdul-Muttalib, the grandfather of the orphan, got highly
delighted, as he glanced at the child, memorial of his dear late son. So, he
brought the sacred child to the house of Allah, showing a strongfeeling of love
about the child, taking blessing from the House of Allah, and named him as
Muhammad.
To begin
During nursing and bringing up the child, Hazrat
Halima, the foster mother, observed abundance of child’s blessings.
In sixth year, Hazrat Halima handed over the precious
child to Hazrat Aminahunwillingly. In the same year, HazratAaminah took her
beloved son, to Yasrib(the old name of Madinah)the maternal native place of her
late husband.
But alas! She got deceased during her journey to
Makkah, after a short illness. Janab Abdul Muttalib treated his grandson, the
poor and orphan son, with a great deal of love and affection, but he too,
passed away after two years in the age of 82.
Mohammad (peace be upon him) came to his own uncle,
the kind and dear, for being nourished and fostered, in the age of 8th
year.
The uncle tried his best to console his own brother’s
son and left no stone unturned to solace him. He always accompanied Muhammad
all the time being in journey or in stay.So, Muhammad (peace be upon him) made
journey with his uncle Abu Talib to Syria in infancy by the age of 12 years.
But as Abu Talib reached Busra, a monk named Buhaira suggested him to go back
with that child to his homeland, so Abu Talib returned with Muhammad to Makkah.
(Sirat-e-Mustafa)
There was no custom or tradition in Arab Milieu to
send the children to the school for reading and writing.That is why Abu Talib
did not send Muhammad (peace be upon him) to any school for studying. However,
he used to send Muhammad to the jungle for the purpose of depasturing goats.
So, the milieu of Makkah, its field and forest, became the school of thought
for Muhammad (peace be upon him). Mohammad learnt the ways of governing the
worlds by grazing the goats.
The wars continued in Arab country at that time.
Mohammad (peace be upon him) also took part in a war named Fujjar with his clan
at that time. But he hated to the core this sort of bloodshed, devastation and
destructiveness. (MuntaqanNuqul)
So, when a few personalities of Makkah, who occupied
high rank in their own society, stood forth active and alive to make a pact,
with the name of “Halful-Fuzool, for the sake of hurt and oppressed people,
helpless and downtrodden ones, disagreeing with inclination to war, Muhammad
(peace be upon him) at time, provided an efficient contribution for the pact,
even then, he was at age of 16 only.
(NashrutTeeb Fi ZikrilHabeeb – by Maulana Ashraf Ali
Thanvi RA)
Now, Muhammad (saw) has reached the age of maturity,
infinite virtues of Muhammad’s wisdom, nice manner and good character continued
to be apparent. In the long run, they all decided that a man who would reach Ka’abah,
in the first place, would be the judge in this complicated issue.
So, as the day broke, the inhabitants of Makka saw
Muhammad (saw) enter the Ka’abah, just they cried in an extreme happiness. This
is Muhammad, the honest one, we agreed with his judgement, indeed.
Muhammad, the honest, stood active and alive, put
heavenly stone in a sheet of cloth and said to every tribe’s head to hold one
corner of the sheet. When the heavenlyand sacredstone reached its abode,
Muhammad, the Honest, himself put the stone on its place with his own sacred
hands. (Assiratun-Nabaviyyah by Ali MianNadvi)
This piece of news containing honesty and truthfulness
of Muhammad, Hazrat Khadija d/o Khualid, the one of the richest persons in
Makka, called Muhammad to meet her. Then, she demanded him to travel with her
business articles to Syria. So, the prophet Muhammad (saw) accepted her demand
and left for Syria in the company of “Maisarah”, the slave of Khadija. Muhammad
(saw) fortunately earned a lot of benefits in his business and returned to her
all he received. Hazrat Khadija listened to many a praise about Muhammad’s good
manners besides honesty and truthfulness. In the long run, she sent to him the
message of wedding with her.
Muhammad (peace be upon him) was 25 years old when he
married Hazrat Khadija at the first wedding of his life, and Khadija was 40
years old. Hazra Khadija enjoyed to be very faithful and devotee, and Hazrat
Muhammad (peace be on him) stood also to be true to herself. He did not get
married to anyone at all till Hazrat Khadija was alive. Muhammad (peace be upon
him) remembered his wife Hazrat Khadija after her demise as well.
When Hazrat Muhammad (peace be upon him) reached the
threshold of forty years of his age, Allah Almighty bestowed on him the gracious
responsibility of prophethood. One day, the prophet Muhammad (pbuh) was busy in
a cave namely ‘Hira Cave’ far off from the residential areas’ echoes and noises
in accordance with his habit, just the angel HazratJibreel descended and
brought the message of Allah. Now, Muhammad (pbuh) became the final prophet of
Allah. He began to call his kith and kin and his fast as well as intimate
friends to walk on right path recognizing and worshiping only one Allah. So, in
the first place, from men HazratAbubakarSiddique our prophet’s intimate friend
accepted the Islamic call likewise from women our prophet’s wife, Hazrat
Khadija, from children the prophet’s cousin brother, the son of Mohammad’s
uncle, Hazrat Ali, and from slaves the prophet’s slave HazratZaid entered the fold
of Islam. (Bukhari, Sirat-e-Khatamul-Umbia)
They all were the secret knowers of the prophet in all
circumstances, be it apparent or hidden. They came to know that the man who did
not speak lie in the matter of creation, how he can speak lie in the matter of
the Creator. So, the other ones too started to embrace Islam by these men’s
help.
Preaching and its opposition
The work of preaching continued silently and calmly
for three years. Then, the order of Allah came that Muhammad (saw) has to come out
in the field and announce the message of Allah before the nation. The prophet
bowed down before this order but as he began preaching Islam apparently, the
length and breadth of Makka stood forth active and alive against this
preaching. But, all of a sudden, everything changed. Those who were ready to devote
their soul to Muhammad (pbuh),called Muhammad the honest and the true one and put
their wealth as consignment in Muhammad’s possession, started laughing at
Muhammad and sneered at his work.
They called the apostle Muhammad mad, poet and
magician. But Muhammad (pbuh) did not bother for their enmity at all, and
carried on preaching Islam.
The prophet Muhammad (saw) suffered and tolerated most
sever torments and tortures, any kind of distress was not seen on his face. But
the suffering of poor and needy people distressed the prophet a great deal.
Some of the believers were oppressed in this way that they were wrapped into
the mats and smoke was given way to enter into their noses. Some of the Muslims
were laid down on the hottest stones then the heavy stones were put on their
chests. Some of new Muslims were handed over to lewd ones. So, some of them got
demise due to not being able to bear the unbearable circumstances. (tizkar-e-Sahaba and Suwarum Min
Hayatis-Sahaba)
The prophet (peace be on him) permitted a few of his
noble companions to migrate to Habsha, so they migrated. Thereby, and the kings
of the country Habsha was very pious, he treated the migrants with a very good
manners.
The tribe Quraish felt unhappy and got angry a great
deal. In the first place, they tried their best to negotiate the king maliciously.
When they failed in their negotiation, they tried their best to jail the family
of Muhammad (pbuh)in Abu Talib’s locality. (Shebe-AbiTalib) When freedom was
received after three years, from unjust paws of cruel ones of Makka, two
helping hands were just broken, i.e.first our prophet’s uncle Abu Talib got
demise, then after three days, the prophet’s beloved wife, Hazrat Khadija too
tasted death. It is why this year was named as “the year of sorrow”, the tenth
year of prophethood.
These lines are a short biography of the Prophet
Muhammad (pbuh) rather it is a part of his life. May Allah enable us to read
His life story and love him much!
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